Yucca Sandals #2

This post is a followup to the comment submitted on my earlier post (Thank you) about dry vs fresh fibers. The question at hand was about drying the yucca leaves before weaving them, but led to some interesting experiments in general.

Defining my goal

I am primarily interested in what can be done in the extremely short term (half-day timeframe) to protect the feet given no tools other than two working hands and only naturally occurring materials. Producing the best sandal possible from yucca might start with producing yucca rope, then making some Wuxi-style rope sandals. That would require a lot more yucca, a couple of days drying, and some simple tools. Perhaps I will make a "luxury" sandal when all this is done.

Yucca Sandals #2

General pattern
for sole

I picked the leaves and set them out on a dry indoor surface for 48 hours. Then I proceeded as before. The immediate results were pretty much what I had expected: The leaves had shrunk a little, though not much. They were much more pliable, too. I had been worried that in their softer state, the "skin" on the leaf might not hold together as well and they would just shred or tear rather than fold. That was not the case. They folded quite nicely, even bending without breaking at first, which let me fine-tune the location of the folds before committing. An additional advantage in using aged leaves was that the pointy-bits that stuck out were softer, and less likely to jab you in the foot.

The leaves had shrunk a bit before the weaving, so proceeding with the same construction as in case #1 led to a narrower sole. Easy enough to fix, if I wanted to: add another V strand when I start.

Overall, the resulting sandal was better than the first.

The surprise came the following morning:

Sandal #2 after 24 hrs

Sandal #1 after 24 hrs

While the gaps that formed were not nearly as big as before, they were still significant.

I was pretty sure this came from additional moisture leaving the leaves when I halved them before weaving, and possibly also from the breakage at the fold points. My conclusion is that just leaving the leaves to dry for a day doesn't get enough of the moisture out to avoid gaps and looseness in the sole.

Things I learned

Pattern for
"contrary" edges

• The leaves still shrunk (again mostly on the width dimention) even after the leaves had been dried
• Having the folds at the edges of the sole go the "easy" way rather than the contrary way lets the lacing move around a lot.  If I made them contrary it might make the laces more stable.
• I can now make a single sandal sole out of freshly picked yucca leaves in about 10 minutes. I assure you that this is not a skill I had ever expected to acquire. The Computer Science Curriculum at university did not offer a class in Paleolithic Clothing Manufacture, but even if it had, I doubt I would have taken it. Live and learn.

Next Steps

Some more experiments suggest themselves:

1. A third pair of sandals made with leaves that were sectioned immediately after picking, then left to dry for 48 hours.
2. Drying the yucca leaves over a fire and trying to do it all in one day again
3. Making a double-wide or double-long sole and folding it over to get a thicker and more protective sole.

Yucca Sandals #1

Aside: The current plan is for this blog to be a catch-all for stuff that doesn't fit in Paleometallurgy or Bootstrap Chemistry.

Yucca Sandals #1 (no tools)

Or: How to turn nine leaves of yucca into a pair of survival sandals.

I wanted to get a feel for what it would take to make some footwear from absolute scratch - materials you could find in the natural world, using no tools of any kind besides your hands. Since I live in California, yucca was a reasonable choice. I expect birch bark or cedar would do just as well.

There were a couple of videos on YouTube (links below) that showed parts of what I needed to know, but not everything. Some experimentation was required.

• Sean Gantt's yucca weaving video.
• A different yucca weaving video.

Gathering materials

I started with some broad-leaf yucca plants. I pulled individual leaves from all over the plants I had available, so I did as little physical and aesthetic damage to the plants as possible.

Left: front of leaf. Right: back of leaf.

I removed the root and tip, then split the leaves and removed the spine. This gave me half-leaves approximately 35cm long and about 2.5cm wide.

Fresh, undried yucca

Yucca shrinks in strange dimensions as it dries from its fresh-picked state. Here are some examples of my first weaving experiments. When I made them I wove each one as tightly as I could. They looked like this two days later. Note the large gaps. On the order of 40% of the width of the original leaf has gone away.

Tests: left to right: 2-plait half-leaf, 4-plait quarter-leaf, 3-plait half-leaf.

Sizing

Sizing an item like this involves two things: the distance covered by a leaf section, and the distance you want to go.

Since I'm doing a diagonal weave, the effective width of a strip is the diagonal of the strip width, rather than the width itself. Back to high school geometry, the diagonal of a unit square is the square root of two. (Approximately 1.42)

Multiplying the width of the leaf (2.5cm) by √2 gives 3.55cm (~1.4in) per strip. I have large-ish feet  (US men's 10½) so given these widths I need sandals three strips wide by seven or eight strips long. This will leave plenty of room to wrap the sole up around my foot, keeping the laces out of contact with the ground.

Weaving sandals

I started with the leaf bent once in the middle, the V-shape that the first video shows:

Then I made two with a U-bend, turning the two ends in opposite directions:

This gave me a width of three plaits:

I wove for five, then collapsed the sixth and seventh to put a toe on the end.

The sandal sole above is made from a total of nine leaf-halves and was finished in 30 minutes.

Running twine along both edges and across the back, I crossed everything behind my ankle and tied it in front. Here's the finished sandal, attached to my foot:

Things I learned

• Once I got the weave started, the rest was much easier than I thought it would be. Given how many variations and decorations there are in the plethora of videos on YouTube about weaving various species of dried plant, I had expected it to be more complicated. It wasn't. Young kids could easily learn and do it in an afternoon.
• Sandals made from fresh-picked yucca leaves will probably only last one day because they shrink, much like yucca twine made from green fibers.

Conclusions

1. I would guess that with practice I'll be able to go from picking yucca leaves to two complete sandals in well under an hour.
2. Sandals like these are for protecting your feet from rough ground and some cuts. Thorns and the occasional sharp pointy rock are still going to punch through.
3. If I were doing this for real, I'd probably pick enough for three pairs the first day (something like 30 leaves total) and make a new pair for each of the next two mornings. After two days the leaves would be sufficiently dry to expect the final pair to last for a while. I could discard the pairs from days one and two, or perhaps reweave those pair together.